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INDONESIA
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 18581196     EISSN : 23553596     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
KEMAS Journal: Research Study in Public Health publishes the article based on research or equivalent to research results in public health or other disciplines related to public health that has not been loaded/published by other media. The journal contains articles about epidemiology and biostatistics, health policy and administration, public health nutrition, environmental health, occupational health and safety, health promotion, reproductive health, maternal and child health, and other related articles in public health. The journal can be used by health practitioners, health caregivers, teachers, medical students, and people who are interested in public health issues. The journal was first published in July 2005 and subsequently published twice a year, in July and January. KEMAS Journal is a peer review journal and can be accessed in http://journal.unnes.ac.id/nju/index.php/kemas. Semarang State University (Unnes) is a leading university in Indonesia with the vision to become a world-class conservation university. The conservation vision is closely related to the study of public health sciences. Unnes also published high quality e-journal from various disciplines, integrated, and managed through Open Access Journals that can be accessed in http://journal.unnes.ac.id. The IAKMI (Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia/The Association of Indonesian Public Health Expert) is a non-profit membership association dedicated to advance public health as a scientific discipline and profession that serves public good for Indonesia and humanity.
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PENENTU KEBERHASILAN BERHENTI MEROKOK PADA MAHASISWA Rosita, Riska; Suswardany, Dwi Linna; Abidin, Zaenal
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 8, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Jurusan Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan

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Keberhasilan berhenti merokok pada individu berbeda satu dengan lainnya. Masalah penelitian adalah faktor apakah yang berhubungan dengan keberhasilan berhenti merokok pada mahasiswa. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan keberhasilan berhenti merokok pada mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Metode penelitian survei dengan pendekatan cross sectional, sampel diambil sebanyak 89 mahasiswa laki-laki reguler angkatan 2008-2010 FIK UMS dari populasi sebanyak 584. Sampel merupakan perokok aktif atau pernah menjadi perokok aktif, yang dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik Snowball Sampling. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji Chi Square dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Logistic Regresion. Variabel lama merokok, alasan berhenti merokok, dan upaya berhenti merokok dianalisis berdasarkan hasil Fisher Exact (two-sided). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan yang bermakna antara faktor frekuensi merokok (p=0,001; OR=5,181) dan faktor niat berhenti merokok (p=0,001; OR=14,389) dengan keberhasilan berhenti merokok pada mahasiswa FIK UMS. Tidak ada hubungan antara jumlah rokok (p=0,158), lama merokok (p=0,093), alasan berhenti merokok (p=0,155), dan faktor upaya berhenti merokok (p= 0,706) dengan keberhasilan berhenti merokok. Simpulan penelitian adalah frekuensi merokok dan faktor niat berhenti merokok berhubungan dengan keberhasilan berhenti merokok pada mahasiswa. The success of stop smoking is different one another. The research problem was whether factors associated with successful of stop smoking in college students. Purpose of the study to determine the factors associated with successful of stop smoking in Health Sciences Faculty students, Muhammadiyah Surakarta University. Survey research method with cross sectional approach, samples were taken amounts 89 male students from year 2008-2010 584 students FIK UMS. Samples were active smokers or had been active smokers, which was selected using snowball sampling. The statistical test used Chi Square test followed by Logistic Regression. Duration of smoking, reason to stop smoking, and trial to stop smoking were analyzed by Fisher’s Exact (two-sided). The results showed that there was a significant association between smoking frequency (p=0.001; OR=5.181) and intention to stop smoking (p=0.001; OR=14.389) with stop smoking success on FIK UMS students. There was no correlation between the number of cigarettes (p=0.158), duration of smoking (p=0.093), the reasons to stop smoking (p=0.155), and smoking cessation (p=0.706) with the success of stop smoking. The conclusion, frequency of smoking and intention associated with stop smoking success of students.
NILAI FUNCTIONAL INDEPENDENCE MEASURE PENDERITA CEDERA SERVIKAL DENGAN PERAWATAN KONSERVATIF Arifin, MZ; H., Jefri
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 8, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Jurusan Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan

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Masalah penelitian adalah bagaimana nilai Functional Independence Measure (FIM) pasien cedera servikal dengan manajemen konservatif. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis nilai Functional Independence Measure (FIM) pasien cedera servikal dengan manajemen konservatif. Metode penelitian kohor prospektif dengan observasi pada semua pasien cedera servikal yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi di bagian Bedah Saraf Rumah Sakit (RS) Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Subjek dikelompokkan berdasarkan umur, jenis kelamin, trauma tunggal/multipel, akut/kronik, abnormalitas servikal, lesi komplit/inkomplit, dan ASIA impairment score. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji t dan uji chi kuadrat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 17 pasien cedera servikal yang dirawat di bagian Bedah Saraf RS Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode April 2009–April 2010. Rata-rata nilai FIM pasien cedera servikal adalah 4+1,63. Tidak terdapat hubungan umur, jenis kelamin, jenis trauma, onset trauma, dan abnormalitas servikal dengan besarnya nilai FIM pasien cedera servikal. Simpulan penelitian adalah terdapat hubungan jenis lesi cervical spine, ASIA impairment score dengan besarnya nilai FIM pasien cedera servikal. Jenis lesi cervical spine dan ASIA impairment score memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan besarnya nilai FIM pasien 6 bulan pasca cedera servikal. The research problem was how the Functional Independence Measure score (FIM) cervical injury patients with conservative management. The purpose of this study was to analyze the value of the functional independence measure (FIM) cervical injury patients with conservative management. Prospective cohort methods used to observe cervical injury in all patients who met the inclusion criteria at the Neurosurgery Hospital (Hospital) Dr. Hasan Sadikin. Subjects were grouped by age, sex, trauma, single/multiple, acute/chronic, cervical abnormalities, complete/incomplete lesions, and ASIA impairment score. Data were analyzed using t test and chi-square test. The results showed there were 17 patients with cervical injuries were treated at the Hospital of Neurosurgery Dr. Hasan Sadikin the period April 2009-April 2010. The average value of FIM cervical injury patients was 4 +1.63. There wasn’t relationship to age, sex, type of trauma, the onset of trauma, and cervical abnormalities with the value of FIM cervical injury patients. The conclusion, there was relationship type of cervical spine lesions, ASIA impairment score with the value of FIM of cervical injuries patients. Type the cervical spine lesions and ASIA impairment score had significant correlation with the value of FIM 6 months after injury of cervical patients.
PENGELOLAAN SUMBER AIR DI DESA JAWESARI KECAMATAN LIMBANGAN, KABUPATEN KENDAL Tunggul P., Eram
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 8, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Jurusan Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan

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Salah satu daerah yang mengalami potensi gangguan berkaitan dengan berkurangnya sumber mata air adalah Desa Jawesari Kecamatan Limbangan Kabupaten Kendal. Permasalahan penelitian berkaitan dengan pengelolaan air masyarakat Jawesari. Studi tersebut dapat dijadikan dasar bagi kegiatan konservasi di masa mendatang dan agar perlindungan kesehatan dan kualitas serta kuantitas sumber air dapat terjaga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui managemen pengelolaan air bersih yang dilakukan masyarakat Desa Jawesari Kecamatan Limbangan Kabupaten Kendal. Metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dan pengukuran kualitas air dilakukan pada tanggal 27 Juni 2010. FGD untuk melihat keadaan pengelolaan sumber daya air dan perilaku anggota masyarakat Jawesari Limbangan Kendal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sumber air masyarakat Jawesari adalah Kali Aji, Kali Sronto, Kali Jaran, Kali Jaro. Dari sumbernya, air tidak disalurkan langsung ke rumah penduduk, tetapi ke dalam bak penampung yang ada di setiap RT kecuali RT 2. Sampai saat ini belum ada sistem manajemen pengelolaan. Kualitas biologis dari nilai total coliform di atas ambang Baku Mutu. Simpulan penelitian adalah kualitas fisik dan kimia air di Jawesari masih cukup baik. Jawisari Village, Limbangan District, Kendal is one of areas that potential disruption as reduced water source. Problem research related to water management of Jawisari community. The study can be used as the basis for future conservation activities, for health protection, quality and quantity of water resources can be maintained. Purpose of this study was to determine water management which conducted by Jawisari community. Qualitative research methods by Focus Group Discussion ( FGD ) and water quality measurement conducted on June 27, 2010. Focus Group discution to see the state of water resources management and behavior of Jawisari community, Limbangan Kendal . The result showed Jawisari community water source was Aji river, Sronto river, Jaran river, Jaro river. From its source, the water was not piped directly into people’s houses, but into a receptacle in each area (RT), except RT 2. Until now there isn’t management system. Total coliform measurement resulted value above the threshold standard quality. Nonetheless, it can be said that physical and chemical quality of water in Jawisari still on acceptable range.
METODE FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION DAN SIMULATION GAME TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI Rizki, Nanda Aditya
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 8, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Jurusan Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan

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Hasil studi pendahuluan di SMK Hidayah Semarang menyebutkan dari 101 siswa kelas XI, hanya 9 siswa (8,9%) yang berpengetahuan baik tentang KRR, 19 siswa (18,8%) yang berpengetahuan cukup, dan 73 siswa (72,2%) berpengetahuan kurang. Permasalahan pada penelitian ini adalah adakah perbedaan pengaruh antara metode Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dan metode Simulation Game (SIG) terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan siswa. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh antara metode FGD dan metode SIG terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan siswa. Metode penelitian eksperimen semu dengan rancangan penelitian non randomized pretest-postest with control group. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI SMK Hidayah Semarang berjumlah 172 siswa dan sampel 60 siswa dengan teknik propportional stratified sampling. Pengumpulan data dengan pretest dan posttes. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada perbedaan pengaruh antara metode FGD dan metode SIG terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan siswa kelas XI tentang Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja (p=0,001). Metode SIG lebih berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan KRR dibandingkan dengan metode FGD, karena rata-rata skor SIG lebih tinggi dari rata-rata skor FGD (38,18>22,82). Simpulan penelitian adalah metode SIG lebih efektif daripada metode FGD. The results of preliminary study in SMK Hidayah Semarang mentioned from101 students of class XI, only 9 students (8.9%) had good knowledge about reproduction, 19 students (18.8%) had good enough knowledge, and 73 students (72.2%) had less knowledge. Problem research was how difference between Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and Simulation Game (SIG) effect to improve students’ knowledge. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of FGD and SIG methods to improve students’ knowledge. A quasi-experimental research method was used by non randomized pretest-posttest with control group. The population in this study was all students of class XI Hidayah high school Semarang amounts 172 students and 60 students as samples by proportional stratified sampling. Data were collected by pretest and posttest. The results showed no difference between FGD and SIG effect to improve student’s knowledge about reproductive health (p=0.001). SIG method has more influence to increase reproduction knowledge compared with FGD, because SIG mean scores higher than FGD mean score (38.18 > 22.82). Conclusion, SIG was more effective than FGD.
LARVISIDA DAN PUPISIDA ISOTEARIL ALKOHOL ETOKSILAT TERHADAP LARVA DAN PUPA AEDES AEGYPTI Alfiah, Siti; Yanti, Ary Oktsari; Sulistyorini, Evi
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 8, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Jurusan Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan

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Isotearil alkohol etoksilat merupakan larvasida yang bekerja sebagai barier fisik bagi pertumbuhan nyamuk. Larvasida ini membentuk lapisan yang sangat tipis (monomolecular surface film) dan menurunkan tegangan permukaan air. Permasalahan penelitian adalah bagaimana efektifitas isotearil alkohol etoksilat dalam membunuh larva dan pupa nyamuk vektor DBD Ae. aegypti. Tujuan penelitian ingin mengetahui efektifitas isotearil alkohol etoksilat dalam membunuh larva dan pupa nyamuk vektor DBD Ae. aegypti. Metode penelitian dengan pengujian efikasi isotearil alkohol etoksilat terhadap larva Aedes aegypti. Penelitian menggunakan 5 dosis, yaitu 0,5 ml/m2, 0,75 ml/m2, 1,0 ml/m2, 1,5 ml/m2 dan 2 ml/m2 serta kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa isotearil alkohol etoksilat selama satu minggu membunuh larva dan pupa Ae. aegypti ± 75%. Hasil analisis data menggunakan Anova menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan jumlah kematian larva Ae. aegypti pada dosis yang berbeda (p=0,999). Simpulan penelitian adalah isotearil alkohol etoksilat dosis 0,5, 0,75, 1,0, 1,5 dan 2 ml/m2 kurang efektif digunakan untuk membunuh larva dan pupa nyamuk vektor DBD Ae. aegypti. Isotearil alcohol ethoxylate is larvicide who works as a physical barrier to mosquito’s growth. This larvicides form is very thin layer (monomolecular surface film) and lowers the surface tension of water. The research problem was how effectiveness of alcohol ethoxylate isotearil for killing mosquito larvae and pupae dengue vector Aedes aegypti. Research purpose was to determine the effectiveness of alcohol ethoxylate isotearil for killing larvae and pupae of dengue mosquitoes vector Aedes aegypti. Research methods used to test the efficacy of alcohol ethoxylate isotearil against Aedes aegypti larvae. Research used 5 doses, 0.5ml/m2, 0.75ml/m2, 1.0ml/m2, 1.5ml/m2, and 2ml/m2, and control. The results showed that the alcohol ethoxylate isotearil for a week to kill the larvae and pupae of Aedes aegypti ± 75 %. Data analysis using ANOVA showed no difference in mortality of larvae of Aedes aegypti at different doses (p=0.999). Therefore, isotearil alcohol ethoxylate dose of 0.5 , 0.75 , 1.0 , 1.5 and 2 ml/m2 were not effective used to kill mosquito larvae and pupae dengue vector Aedes aegypti.
PENGALAMAN IBU YANG TERDETEKSI HIV TENTANG DUKUNGAN KELUARGA SELAMA PERSALINAN -, Elisa; Parwati, Desak Made; Sriningsih, Iis
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 8, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Jurusan Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan

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Jumlah kasus ibu hamil dan melahirkan dengan HIV dari tahun ke tahun semakin meningkat baik di dunia maupun di Indonesia. Permasalahan penelitian adalah bagaimana pengalaman ibu yang terdeteksi HIV tentang dukungan keluarga selama persalinan dengan pendekatan kualitatif fenomenologi. Tujuan penelitian untuk menggali pengalaman ibu yang terdeteksi HIV tentang dukungan keluarga selama persalinan dengan pendekatan kualitatif fenomenologi. Metode penelitian survei, dengan delapan partisipan dipilih berdasarkan purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara mendalam dan analisis data menggunakan analisis tematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar partisipan mendapatkan dukungan keluarga berupa dukungan emosional, spiritual, financial, dan informasi, sedangkan sisanya tidak mendapatkan dukungan. Dukungan yang didapatkan ibu menimbulkan perasaan bahagia dan tenang. Beberapa partisipan mendapatkan perlakuan negatif akibat stigma dari keluarga dan pemberi pelayanan kesehatan. Simpulan penelitian adalah perawat maternitas berperan menerapkan asuhan keperawatan melibatkan keluarga yang memperhatikan psikologi, sosial dan spiritual ibu selama persalinan. The number of cases of maternal HIV increased every year in the world or in Indonesia. The research problem was how mothers experience with HIV detectable on family support during delivery their baby with phenomenological qualitative approach. The purpose of the study to explore the experiences of mothers who detected HIV on family supports during delivery their baby with phenomenological qualitative approach. Survey research methods, with eight participants were selected based on purposive sampling. Collecting data using in-depth interviews and data analyzed by thematic analysis. The results showed most participants get family support for emotional, spiritual, financial, and information support, while the rest do not get support. Mothers which get support were feelings happy and calm. Some participants got negative treatment because of the stigma from family and health care providers. Research conclusion, maternity nurses can apply nursing care involves families with psychological, social, and spiritual attention for mother during delivery their baby.
CASCADE AERATOR DAN BUBBLE AERATOR DALAM MENURUNKAN KADAR MANGAN AIR SUMUR GALI Hartini, Eko
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 8, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Jurusan Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan

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Konsentrasi mangan di dalam sistem air alami umumnya kurang dari 0,1 mg/l. Jika melebihi 1 mg/l maka perlu pengolahan air. Air sumur gali di Kelurahan Kumai Hilir Kalimantan Tengah, mempunyai kadar Mn 2,02 mg/l, melebihi baku mutu berdasarkan Kepmenkes No 907/Menkes/VII/SK/2002. Masalah penelitian adalah bagaimana  menurunkan kadar Mn dalam air sumur gali menggunakan cascade dengan proses aerasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menurunkan kadar Mn dalam air sumur gali dengan proses aerasi dan mengetahui efektivitas cascade aerator dan  bubble aerator dalam menurunkan kadar Mn dalam air sumur gali. Metode penelitian adalah Quasy Experiment dengan rancangan Pre and Post Test Design. Sampel penelitian diambil dengan teknik grap sampling, proses aerasi dilakukan di salah satu rumah warga dan pemeriksaan kadar Mn di laboratorium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penggunaan cascade aerator memberikan hasil yang lebih baik dalam menurunkan kadar Mn air sumur gali dengan rata-rata 0,02 mg/l, telah sesuai dengan baku mutu dengan efektivitas sebesar 98,74%. Bubble aerator dapat menurunkan kadar Mn air sumur gali dengan rata-rata 0,43 mg/l, dan efektivitas 76,47%. Hasil ini belum sesuai dengan baku mutu menurut Kepmenkes No 907/Menkes/VII/SK/2002, yaitu 0,1 mg/l. Simpulan penelitian adalah cascade aerator lebih efektif dalam menurunkan kadar Mn air sumur gali. The concentration of manganese in natural water systems is generally less than 0.1 mg /l, if it exceeds 1 mg/l, water treatment is needed. Water wells dug in Kumai Hilir village in Central Kalimantan, has Mn concentration of 2.02 mg/l, exceeded the standard quality based Kepmenkes No. 907/Menkes/VII/SK/2002. The research problem was how to reduce Mn levels of dug well water using the cascade aeration process. Research purpose was to reduce Mn levels of dug well water with aeration process and determine the effectiveness of cascade aerator and bubble aerator in reduce Mn levels of dug well water. The research method was queasy experiment with pre and post test design. Samples were taken with grap sampling techniques, aeration process was done in one of the houses and Mn levels in the laboratory examination. The results showed that cascade aerator gives better results in reduce Mn levels of dug well water (average of 0.02 mg/l, fit with standard quality (effectiveness of 98.74%). Bubble aerators can reduce Mn levels of dug well water with an average of 0.43 mg/l, and the effectiveness of 76.47%. This result is not fit with standard quality according to Kepmenkes No. 907/Menkes/VII/SK/2002 , was 0,1 mg/l. Conclusion, cascade aerator was more effective to reduce Mn levels of dug well water.
EKSTRAK AKAR, BATANG, DAN DAUN HERBA MENIRAN DALAM MENURUNKAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH Nugrahani, Septhi Santika
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 8, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Jurusan Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan

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Permasalahan penelitian adalah bagaimana efektivitas akar, batang, dan daun herba meniran dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah. Tujuan penelitian untuk melihat perbandingan efektifitas akar, batang, dan daun meniran dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah. Metode penelitian adalah eksperimen menggunakan pre and post test control group design, menggunakan 25 ekor mencit strain balb/c yang diberi beban glukosa dan dibagi menjadi 5, kelompok I kelompok kontrol, kelompok II diberi glibenklamid, kelompok III diberi ekstrak akar meniran, kelompok IV diberi ekstrak batang meniran, dan kelompok V diberi ekstrak daun meniran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan penurunan kadar glukosa darah antara sebelum dan setelah diberi perlakuan pada kelompok II, III, IV, dan V dengan nilai kurang dari 0,05. Analisis perbandingan antar kelompok pemberian ekstrak akar, batang, dan daun meniran dengan uji One way Anova p=0,369, artinya tidak menunjukkan perbedaan penurunan kadar glukosa darah yang bermakna (p>0,05). Simpulan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak akar, batang, dan daun meniran dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah. The research problem was how the effectiveness of the roots, stems, and leaves of herbaceous meniran for reduce blood glucose levels. Research purpose was to compare the effectiveness of meniran roots, stems, and leaves for reducing blood glucose levels. Research method was experimental study by pre and post test control group design, using 25 strains of mice balb/c which given a glucose load and divided into 5 groups. Group I as control, group II by glibenclamide, group III by meniran root extract, group IV by meniran stem extract, and group V by meniran leaf extract. The results showed there were differences of blood glucose levels before and after treatment in group II, III, IV, and V. Inter group comparison analysis of roots, stems , and leaves meniran extract by one way ANOVA test p = 0.369, so there were no difference in blood glucose levels decrease ( p>0.05). Research conclusion that meniran roots, stems, and leaves extract can reduce blood glucose levels.
FAKTOR RISIKO MULTIDRUG RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS (MDR-TB) SR, Dwi Sarwani; Nurlaela, Sri; A, Isnani Zahrotul
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 8, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Jurusan Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan

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Multi Drug Resistant (MDR-TB) merupakan masalah terbesar dalam pencegahan dan pemberantasan TB dunia. Indonesia berada di peringkat 8 dari 27 negara dengan MDR-TB terbanyak di dunia. WHO global report 2010, memperkirakan pasien MDR-TB di Indonesia berjumlah 8.900. MDR-TB adalah penyakit yang disebabkan Mycobacterium tuberkulosis yang resisten minimal terhadap rifampisin dan isoniazid. Masalah penelitian adalah faktor risiko apa yang berhubungan dengan MDR-TB. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui berbagai faktor risiko MDR-TB. Metode penelitian survei dengan  kasus kontrol. Populasi kasus adalah penderita TB yang terbukti resisten positif dan sampel kontrol adalah penderita yang terbukti resisten negatif. Perbandingan kasus:kontrol= 32:32. Analisis data dengan dengan regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor risiko yang terbukti berpengaruh terhadap kejadian Multi Drug Resistant (MDR-TB) yaitu motivasi penderita yang rendah OR =4,2 (CI=1,478-11,94) dan ketidakteraturan berobat OR=2,3 (CI=1,38–10,28). Diperlukan berbagai dukungan khususnya yang berasal dari keluarga dan lingkungan pasien agar dapat memotivasi penderita TB paru bahwa penyakitnya dapat disembuhkan dan melakukan pengobatan dengan teratur. Simpulan penelitian adalah motivasi penderita yang rendah dan ketidakteraturan berobat berpengaruh terhadap kejadian Multi Drug Resistant. Multi Drug Resistant (MDR - TB ) is the biggest problem of TB prevention and eradication in world. Indonesia is ranked 8 of 27 countries with MDR-TB in the world. WHO global report 2010, estimated MDR-TB patients in Indonesia amounted to 8.900. MDR-TB is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that resistant to at least rifampicin and isoniazid. The purpose of research was to determine MDR-TB risk factors. A survey method was conducted with case-control. The population were TB case patients who positive and control who negative resistance by test. Comparison case: control = 32:32. Data analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. The results showed that the risk factors of MDR-TB were low patient motivation OR=4.2 (CI=1.478 to 11.94) and treatment irregularity OR=2.3 (CI=1.38 to 10,28). Required a variety support, especially from family and environment in order to motivate patients with pulmonary tuberculosis that their disease can be cured and do the treatment regularly. Research conclusion, low motivation and irregularity treatment had effect to Multi Drug Resistant.
PENYULUHAN GIZI DENGAN MEDIA KOMIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENGETAHUAN TENTANG KEAMANAN MAKANAN JAJANAN Hamida, Khairuna; Zulaekah, Siti; -, Mutalazimah
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 8, No 1 (2012)
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Abstract

Survei pendahuluan di SD Muhammadiyah 2 Kauman Surakarta menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan siswa tentang keamanan makanan jajanan di sekolah masih rendah, yaitu 55%. Perlu strategi yang tepat untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa tentang keamanan makanan jajanan sekolah. Permasalahan penelitian adalah bagaimana perbedaan pengetahuan siswa tentang keamanan makanan jajanan di sekolah setelah diberikan penyuluhan dengan media komik.  Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengetahuan siswa tentang keamanan makanan jajanan di sekolah setelah diberikan perlakuan menggunakan strategi yang berbeda. Metode penelitian ini adalah pengembangan, jenis penelitian eksperimen semu dengan menggunakan pretest dan posttest dengan kelompok kontrol. Sampel berjumlah 70 berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Uji statistik menggunakan Wilcoxon dan Mann Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada peningkatan pengetahuan (p=0,0001) artinya ada pengaruh setelah intervensi. Perbedaan peningkatan pengetahuan antar kelompok menghasilkan p= 0,0001 berarti ada perbedaan antar kelompok, di mana kelompok dengan media komik memiliki peningkatan pengetahuan yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan kelompok tanpa media komik. Simpulan penelitian adalah peningkatan pengetahuan dengan media komik lebih efektif daripada tanpa media komik. Preliminary survey in Kauman elementary school Muhammadiyah 2 Surakarta showed the level of students’ knowledge about street food safety was still low (55%). Need strategy to improve student’s knowledge of food safety school snacks. Research problem was how difference in student’s knowledge of food safety after giving information with comics medium. Research purpose was to determine differences in student’s knowledge of food safety after given treatment using different strategies. Research method was development by quasi experimental study using pretest-posttest control group. The samples in this study were 70 samples, based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The statistical test used Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney. The result showed there was in knowledge increase (p=0.0001), intervention effect. The difference increased knowledge among groups p = 0.0001, it means there was difference between the groups, group with comics medium better than group without comics. Research conclusion, knowledge improvement with comic medium was more effective than no comics medium.

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